Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects the way you move, but it can also impact non-motor functions. Early detection can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Tremors
A key indicator of Parkinson's is tremors. Tremors usually begin in a limb, often in the hands or fingers, and are more noticeable when the limb is at rest, decreasing when the limb is in use. Another early sign is bradykinesia, or slowness of movement, which can make simple tasks difficult and time-consuming. You might notice a reduction in spontaneous movement, such as a decrease in the natural swing of the arms while walking.
Stiffness
Muscle rigidity is another common symptom, characterized by stiffness that can occur in any part of the body and may cause discomfort. This rigidity can limit the range of motion. Impaired balance and coordination, known as postural instability, can lead to a stooped posture and an increased risk of falls, though this symptom often appears later in the progression of the disease. Changes in gait, such as a shuffling walk with short, hesitant steps, and a reduction in arm swing, are also early indicators.
The Mask
A reduced facial expression, often referred to as a "mask-like" face, can make individuals with Parkinson's appear less animated. Speech and voice changes, including softer, slurred, or more monotonous speech, along with a reduction in the range and volume of the voice, are common. Handwriting changes, particularly micrographia, where handwriting becomes unusually small and cramped, can also be an early sign.
Other Things to Watch For
Loss of smell, or anosmia, can occur years before motor symptoms develop and is often overlooked but is a common early indicator. Sleep disturbances, such as restless sleep, vivid dreams, frequent nighttime awakenings, and REM sleep behavior disorder, where individuals act out their dreams, can also signal the onset of Parkinson's. Additionally, gastrointestinal problems, particularly constipation, are common in the early stages and can precede motor symptoms by several years.
What to Do
If you or a loved one is experiencing several of these symptoms, it is important to consult an experienced neurologist. Neurology Associates has a movement disorders specialist on staff at our Chandler, Arizona neurology clinic. Early diagnosis and intervention can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. A neurologist, especially one who specializes in movement disorders, can provide a comprehensive evaluation and develop a personalized treatment plan. By being aware of these early signs of Parkinson's disease, you can seek medical advice sooner and take proactive steps to address the challenges of the condition.